Title 19 CFR · 8 exam questions
19 CFR Part 144: Warehouse and Rewarehouse Entries and Withdrawals
19 CFR Part 144, section by section, with every released customs broker license exam question in the CBLEsim bank that tests it. Drawn from 5 released sittings, April 2022 through October 2024.
Edition shown: the 2025 annual edition of Title 19, revised as of April 1, 2025. It is the edition the October 2026 customs broker exam is graded against, and it can differ from the regulation in force today. For the current official text see 19 CFR Part 144 on eCFR.
Sections of Part 144
Every section opens in place. A linked section has its own page, with the exam questions that turn on it.
§ 144.0Scope
This part contains regulations pertaining to the entry and withdrawal of merchandise under the provisions of section 557, Tariff Act of 1930, as amended (19 U.S.C. 1557), which among other things provides that articles subject to duty may be entered for warehousing and deposited in a bonded warehouse at the expense and risk of the owner, importer, or consignee, and withdrawn from warehouse for consumption upon payment of duties and charges. The requirements and procedures set forth in this part are in addition to the general requirements and procedures for all entries set forth in part 141 of this chapter. Regulations pertaining to manipulation in warehouse, manufacturing warehouses, and smelting and refining warehouses are set forth in part 19 of this chapter.
§ 144.1Merchandise eligible for warehousing
(a) Types of merchandise. Any merchandise subject to duty may be entered for warehousing except for perishable merchandise and explosive substances (other than firecrackers). Dangerous and highly flammable merchandise, though not classified as explosive, shall not be entered for warehouse without the written consent of the insurance company insuring the warehouse in which the merchandise is to be stored.
(b) [Reserved]
(c) Merchandise previously entered. If merchandise has been entered under other than a warehouse entry and has remained in continuous Customs custody, a warehouse entry may be substituted for the previous entry. If estimated duties were deposited with the superseded previous entry, that entry shall be liquidated for refund of the estimated duties without awaiting liquidation of the warehouse entry. All copies of the warehouse entry shall bear the following notation: This entry is in substitution of _______________________; entry No. ____________, dated ________________________.
§ 144.2Liability of importers and sureties
The importer of merchandise entered for warehouse is liable for the payment of all unpaid duties not only as principal on the bond filed on Customs Form 301, containing the bond conditions set forth in § 113.62 of this chapter, but also by reason of his personal liability as consignee. Under the conditions of the bond, the sureties on the bond shall be held liable for the payment of duties and Customs charges not paid by the principal on the bond, whether such duties and charges are finally ascertained before the merchandise is withdrawn from Customs custody or thereafter. Liability may be transferred in part along with the right to withdraw the merchandise, in accordance with Subpart C of this part.
§ 144.3Allowance for damage
No abatement or allowance of duties shall be made on account of damage, loss, or deterioration of the merchandise while in warehouse, except as provided for by law (see part 158 of this chapter).
§ 144.4Allowance for abandoned, destroyed, or exported merchandise
Allowance in duties shall be made for merchandise in warehouse which is abandoned or destroyed in accordance with § 158.43 of this chapter or exported in accordance with § 144.37.
§ 144.5Period of warehousing
Merchandise must not remain in a bonded warehouse beyond 5 years from the date of importation or such longer period of time as the Center director may at his discretion permit upon proper request being filed and good cause shown.
§ 144.7Disposition of merchandise after expiration of warehousing period
Merchandise remaining in a bonded warehouse after the expiration of the warehousing period shall be disposed of in accordance with § 127.14 of this chapter.
§ 144.11Form of entry
(a) Entry. The documentation required by § 142.3 of this chapter shall be filed at the time of entry. If the entry summary, Customs Form 7501, or its electronic equivalent is filed at the time of entry for merchandise to be entered for warehouse, it shall serve as both the entry and the entry summary, and Customs Form 3461 or 7533, or their electronic equivalents, shall not be required. If the entry summary is not filed at the time of entry, it shall be filed within the time limit prescribed by § 142.12 of this chapter. If merchandise is released before the filing of the entry summary, the importer shall have a bond on file, as prescribed by § 142.4 of this chapter.
(b) Customs Form 7501, or its electronic equivalent. The entry summary for merchandise entered for warehouse shall be executed in triplicate on Customs Form 7501, or its electronic equivalent appropriately modified, and shall include all of the statistical information required by § 141.61(e) of this chapter. The port director may require an extra copy or copies of Customs Form 7501, annotated “PERMIT” for use in connection with delivery of the merchandise to the bonded warehouse.
(c) Designation of warehouse. The importer shall designate on the entry summary, Customs Form 7501, or its electronic equivalent the bonded warehouse in which he desires his merchandise deposited.
(d) Specification list. When packages which are not uniform in contents, quantities, values, or rates of duties are grouped together as one item on an entry summary, a specification list (original only) shall be furnished with the entry summary, showing separately opposite the marks or numbers of each package, the quantity of each class of merchandise, the entered value of each class, and the rates of duty claimed for each. However, a specification list is not needed if one withdrawal is to be filed for all the merchandise covered by the entry summary.
§ 144.12Contents of entry summary; estimated duties
The entry summary, Customs Form 7501, or its electronic equivalent shall show the value, classification, and rate of duty as approved by the Center director at the time the entry summary is filed. However, no deposit of estimated duties shall be required until the merchandise is withdrawn for consumption.
§ 144.13Bond requirements
A bond on Customs Form 301, containing the bond conditions set forth in § 113.62 of this chapter shall be filed in the amount required by the Center director to support the entry documentation.
§ 144.14Removal to warehouse
When the entry summary, Customs Form 7501, or its electronic equivalent and the bond on Customs Form 301, containing the bond conditions set forth in § 113.62 of this chapter have been filed, the merchandise shall be sent to the bonded warehouse, except for:
(a) Merchandise for which an immediate withdrawal if filed, or
(b) Packages designated for examination elsewhere than at the warehouse, which shall be sent to the warehouse after examination.
§ 144.15Entry and withdrawal from Customs bonded warehouses of distilled spirits
(a) Distilled spirits entered in warehouse under section 5066(a), Internal Revenue Code—(1) General rule. Except as otherwise provided in this section, distilled spirits entered into Customs bonded warehouse in accordance with section 5066(a), Internal Revenue Code, as amended (26 U.S.C. 5066(a)), shall be treated in the same manner as any other merchandise entered for warehouse.
(2) Withdrawal from warehouse for domestic consumption. Distilled spirits entered in warehouse under this paragraph may be withdrawn from warehouse for domestic consumption under section 5066(c), Internal Revenue Code, as amended (26 U.S.C. 5066(c)). In this case, the distilled spirits shall be subject to duty as American goods exported and returned under subheading 9801.00.80, Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (19 U.S.C. 1202).
(b) Distilled spirits transferred from a manufacturing warehouse to a storage warehouse under section 311, Tariff Act of 1930—(1) Prohibition on withdrawal from warehouse for domestic consumption. Domestic distilled spirits which have been transferred from a Customs bonded manufacturing warehouse, Class 6, to a Customs bonded storage warehouse, Class 2 or 3, in accordance with section 311, Tariff Act of 1930, as amended (19 U.S.C. 1311), may not be withdrawn under section 5066(c) of the Internal Revenue Code, as amended (26 U.S.C. 5066(c)), for domestic consumption.
(2) Procedure governing transfer of distilled spirits from manufacturing warehouse to storage warehouse. For procedure concerning the transfer of such distilled spirits from Customs bonded manufacturing warehouse, Class 6, to Customs bonded storage warehouse, see § 19.15(g)(2) of this chapter.
(c) Distilled spirits entered under section 5214(a)(9), Internal Revenue Code—(1) General rule. Distilled spirits may be entered into a Customs bonded storage warehouse under section 5214(a)(9), Internal Revenue Code, as amended (26 U.S.C. 5214(a)(9)), in the same manner as any other merchandise is entered for warehouse, unless otherwise provided in this section.
(2) Withdrawal only for exportation. Distilled spirits warehoused under section 5214(a)(9), Internal Revenue Code, may be withdrawn only for the purpose of exportation, either directly or after rewarehousing at the same or another port. The distilled spirits may not be withdrawn for domestic consumption.
§ 144.21Conditions for transfer
Under the provisions of section 557(b) Tariff Act of 1930, as amended (19 U.S.C. 1557(b)), the right to withdraw all or part of merchandise entered for warehouse may be transferred by appropriate endorsement on the withdrawal form, provided that the transferee files a bond on Customs Form 301, containing the bond conditions set forth in § 113.62 of this chapter. Upon the deposit of the endorsed form, properly executed, and the transferee's bond with the Customs officer designated to receive such form and bond, the transferor and his sureties shall be relieved from all undischarged liability.
§ 144.22Endorsement of transfer on withdrawal form
Transfer of the right to withdraw merchandise entered for warehouse shall be established by an appropriate endorsement on the withdrawal form by the person primarily liable for payment of duties before the transfer is completed, i.e., the person who made the warehouse or rewarehouse entry or a transferee of the withdrawal right of such person. Endorsement shall be made on whichever of the following withdrawal forms is applicable:
(a) Customs Form 7501, or its electronic equivalent, for:
(i) A duty paid warehouse withdrawal for consumption;
(ii) Withdrawal with no duty payment (diplomatic use);
(iii) Merchandise to be withdrawn as vessel or aircraft supplies and equipment under § 10.60 of this chapter or other conditionally free merchandise;
(b) In-bond application filed pursuant to part 18 of this chapter, for merchandise to be withdrawn for transportation, exportation, or transportation and exportation.
§ 144.23Endorsement in blank
If the transferor wishes to do so, he may endorse the withdrawal form to authorize the right to withdraw the merchandise specified thereon but leave the space for the name of the transferee blank. A holder of a withdrawal form so endorsed and otherwise fully executed may insert his own name in the blank space, deposit such form and his transferee's bond with the Customs officer designated to receive such form and bond, and thereby establish his right to withdraw the merchandise.
§ 144.24Transferee's bond
The transferee's bond shall be on Customs Form 301 and contain the bond conditions set forth in § 113.62 of this chapter.
§ 144.25Deposit of forms
Either the transferor or the transferee may deposit the endorsed withdrawal form and transferee's bond with the Customs officer designated to receive such form and bond.
§ 144.26Further transfer
The right of a transferee to withdraw the merchandise may not be revoked by the transferor but may be retransferred by the transferee.
§ 144.27Withdrawal from warehouse by transferee
At any time within the warehousing period, a transferee who has established his right to withdraw merchandise may withdraw all or part of the merchandise covered by the transfer by filing any authorized kind of withdrawal from warehouse in accordance with subpart D of this part.
§ 144.28Protest by transferee
(a) Entries on or after January 12, 1971. A transferee of merchandise entered for warehouse on or after January 12, 1971, shall have the right to file a protest under section 514, Tariff Act of 1930, as amended (19 U.S.C. 1514), to the same extent that such right would have been available to the transferor.
(b) Entries prior to January 12, 1971. A transferee of merchandise entered for warehouse prior to January 12, 1971, shall have no right to file a protest, except under the conditions set forth in section 557(b), Tariff Act of 1930, as amended (19 U.S.C. 1557(b)), prior to the amendments made thereto by Pub. L. 91-685, effective January 12, 1971 (T.D. 71-55).
§ 144.31Right to withdraw
Withdrawals from bonded warehouse may be made only by the person primarily liable for the payment of duties on the merchandise being withdrawn, i.e., the importer of record on the warehouse entry, the actual owner if an actual owner's declaration and superseding bond have been filed in accordance with § 141.20 of this chapter, or the transferee if the right to withdraw the merchandise has been transferred in accordance with subpart C of this part. No new declaration of the consignee or agent is required.
§ 144.32Statement of quantity; charges and liens
(a) On each withdrawal. Each withdrawal filed shall have indicated thereon, preferably in the lower part of the left-hand margin if there is no space designated on the form for such information, a summary statement of the account to which it is related. The statement shall indicate:
(1) The quantity (i.e., the number of outer containers, or tons, etc.) in the warehouse account before the withdrawal;
(2) The quantity being withdrawn; and
(3) The quantity remaining in warehouse after the withdrawal. The quantity in each instance may be shown as a cumulative total event though it may include a group of varied units such as boxes, cases, or cartons, and may consist of more than one commodity, such as distilled spirits, chinaware, etc.
(b) Transferred merchandise. When all or a portion of an original lot has been transferred to a new owner in accordance with subpart C of this part, each withdrawal by the transferee shall show only the quantity on hand in the transferee's name before the withdrawal, the quantity being withdrawn by the transferee, and the transferred quantity remaining in the warehouse after the withdrawal. The quantity retained by the original importer and the quantity transferred shall be treated as separate accounts.
(c) Charges and liens. Upon receipt of an application to withdraw merchandise the appropriate Customs officer shall determine whether there are any cartage, storage, labor, or any other charges due the Government in connection with the goods remaining unpaid or whether there is on file any notice of lien filed by a carrier. If there are no charges or liens or all charges and liens have been satisfied, and all other requirements of law or regulations have been met, the application to withdraw shall be approved.
§ 144.33Minimum quantities to be withdrawn
Unless by special authority of the Commissioner of Customs, merchandise shall not be withdrawn from bonded warehouse in quantities less than an entire bale, cask, box, or other package, or, if in bulk, in quantities less than 1 ton in weight or the entire quantity imported, whichever is smaller.
§ 144.34Transfer to another warehouse
(a) At the same port. With the concurrence of the proprietors of the delivering and receiving warehouses, merchandise may be transferred from one bonded warehouse to another at the same port under Customs supervision and at the expense of the importer upon his written request to the port director, who shall issue an order for such transfer on Customs Form 6043. However, the port director may require the filing of a rewarehouse entry under § 144.41 if he determines it necessary for proper control of the merchandise. All charges shall be paid before merchandise is transferred from a warehouse of class 1 (see § 19.1 of this chapter for classes of warehouses). The quantities of goods so transferred shall be subject to the joint determination of the warehouse proprietor and the cartman, lighterman, or private bonded carrier, as provided in § 19.6 of this chapter.
(b) At another port. Merchandise may be transferred to a warehouse which is under the jurisdiction of another port by withdrawing the merchandise for transportation in accordance with § 144.36 and entering it for rewarehouse in accordance with § 144.41 upon arrival at destination. All charges shall be paid before merchandise is transferred from the warehouse of class 1 (see § 19.1 of this chapter for classes of warehouses).
(c) Transfers between integrated bonded warehouses—(1) Eligibility. (i) Only an importer who will transfer warehoused merchandise among Class 2 and 9 warehouses listed on the application in paragraph (c)(2) of this section is eligible to participate.
(ii) The importer must have a centralized inventory control system that shows the location of all of the warehoused merchandise at all times, including merchandise in transit.
(iii) The importer and its surety must sign the application. If the application to use this alternative procedure is approved by the appropriate port director, the importer's entry bond containing the conditions provided under § 113.62 of this chapter will continue to attach to any merchandise transferred under these alternative procedures.
(iv) Each proprietor of a warehouse listed on the application and each surety who underwrites that proprietor's custodial bond coverage under § 113.63 of this chapter shall sign the application.
(2) Application. Application must be made in writing to the port director of the port in which the applicant's centralized inventory control system exists, with copies to all affected port directors, for exemptions from the requirements for transfer of merchandise from one bonded warehouse to another set forth in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section. The application must list all bonded warehouses to and from which the merchandise may be transferred; all such warehouses must be covered by the same centralized inventory control system. Only blanket exemption requests will be considered; exemptions will not be considered for individual transfers. The application may be in letter form, signed by all participants, and contain a certification to the port director by the applicant that he maintains accounting records, documents and financial statements and reports that adequately support Customs activities.
(3) Operation. An importer who receives approval to transfer merchandise between bonded warehouses in accordance with the provisions of this section may, after entry into the first warehouse, transfer that merchandise to any other warehouse without filing a withdrawal from warehouse or a rewarehouse entry. The warehoused merchandise will be treated as though it remains in the first warehouse so long as the actual location of the merchandise at all times is recorded as provided under the provisions of this section.
(4) Inventory control requirements. The records required to be maintained must include a centralized inventory control system and supporting documentation which meets the following requirements:
(i) Provide Customs upon demand with the proper on-hand balance of each inventory item in each warehouse facility and each storage location within each warehouse;
(ii) Provide Customs upon demand with the proper on-hand balance for each open warehouse entry and the actual quantity in each warehouse facility;
(iii) If an alternative inventory system has been approved, provide Customs upon demand with the proper on-hand balance for each unique identifier and the quantity related to each open warehouse entry and the quantity in each warehouse facility;
(iv) Maintain documentation for all intracompany movements, including authorizations for the movement, shipping documents and receiving reports. These documents must show the appropriate warehouse entry number or unique identifier, the description and quantity of the merchandise transferred, and must be properly authorized and signed evidencing shipment from and delivery to each location;
(v) Maintain a consolidated permit file folder at the location where the merchandise was originally warehoused. The consolidated permit file folder must meet the requirements of § 19.12(d)(4) of this chapter regardless of the warehouse facility in which the action occurred. Documentation for all intracompany movements, including authorizations for movement, shipping documents, receiving reports, as well as documentation showing ultimate disposition of the merchandise must be filed in the consolidated permit file folder within seven business days;
(vi) Maintain a subordinate permit file at all intracompany locations where merchandise is transferred containing copies of documentation required by § 19.12(d)(4) of this chapter and by paragraph (c)(3)(v) of this section relating to merchandise quantities transferred to the location. A copy of all documents in the subordinate permit file folder must be filed in the consolidated permit file folder within seven business days; no exceptions will be granted to this requirement. When the final withdrawal is made on the respective entry, the subordinate permit file shall be considered closed and filed at the intracompany location to which the merchandise was transferred; and
(vii) File the withdrawal from Customs custody at the original warehouse location at which the merchandise was entered.
(5) Waiver of permit file folder requirements. The permit file folder requirements of paragraphs (c)(3)(v) and (c)(3)(vi) of this section may be waived if the proprietor's recordkeeping and inventory control system qualifies under the requirements of § 19.12(d)(4)(iii) of this chapter at all locations where bonded merchandise is stored.
(6) Procedure not available—(i) Liens. The transfer procedures permitted under paragraph (c) of this section shall not be available for merchandise with respect to which Customs is notified of the existence of a lien, as prescribed in § 141.112 of this chapter (see 19 U.S.C. 1564), until proof shall be produced at the original warehouse location that the lien has been satisfied or discharged.
(ii) Restricted merchandise. With the exception of alcohol and tobacco products, merchandise subject to a restriction on release such as covered by a licensing, quota or visa requirement, is not eligible.
§ 144.35Withdrawal of vessel and aircraft supplies and equipment
Supplies and equipment for vessels and aircraft may be withdrawn from warehouse under the procedures set forth in this subpart and in §§ 10.59 through 10.65 of this chapter.
§ 144.36Withdrawal for transportation
(a) Time limit. Merchandise may be withdrawn from warehouse for transportation to another port of entry if withdrawal for consumption or exportation can be accomplished at the port of destination before the expiration of the warehousing period.
(b) Physical deposit in warehouse not needed. All or any part of the merchandise covered by an entry summary, Customs Form 7501, or its electronic equivalent, may be withdrawn for transportation without deposit in a bonded warehouse and may be permitted to remain on the vessel or other vehicle or on the pier in a constructive warehouse status pending examination. When any such merchandise not deposited in a warehouse is not forwarded under the withdrawal for transportation on account of damage or other cause, the importer shall be required to withdraw such merchandise immediately for consumption or exportation, or designate a warehouse to which it may be sent and, upon his failure to do so, it shall be treated as unclaimed.
(c) Form. (1) A withdrawal for transportation shall be filed by submitting an in-bond application pursuant to part 18 of this chapter.
(2) Separate withdrawals for transportation from a single warehouse, via a single conveyance, consigned to the same consignee, and deposited into a single warehouse, can be filed using one in-bond application, under one control number, provided that the information for each withdrawal, as required in paragraph (d) of this section is provided in the in-bond application for certification by CBP. With the exception of alcohol and tobacco products, this procedure will not be allowed for merchandise that is in any way restricted (for example, quota/visa).
(3) The requirement that an in-bond application be filed and the information required in paragraph (d) of this section be shown will not be required if the merchandise qualifies under the exemption in § 144.34(c).
(d) Information required. In addition to the statement of quantity required by § 144.32, the following information for the merchandise being withdrawn must be provided in the in-bond application:
(1) The original entry number, date of entry, date of entry summary, and port at which filed;
(2) The name of the consignee at the port of destination;
(3) Any ascertained weight, gauge, or measure;
(4) The entered value of the merchandise;
(5) Estimated duties, if any;
(6) A statement that the merchandise is or is not admissible for consumption and the reason for non-admissibility, if applicable; and
(7) The statistical information required by § 141.61(e) of this chapter.
When the withdrawal is made after the merchandise has been rewarehoused, the rewarehouse entry number, date, and port at which filed also shall be shown.
(e) Duty on samples withdrawn. The duty on any samples withdrawn at the original port from a shipment covered by a withdrawal for transportation shall be collected at such port and a notation thereof made on the withdrawal form. No separate invoice or extract from the original invoice shall be required to cover such samples.
(f) Forwarding procedure. The merchandise must be forwarded in accordance with the general provisions for transportation in bond (§§ 18.1 through 18.9 of this chapter). However, when the alternate procedures for transfers between integrated bonded warehouses under § 144.34(c) are employed, the merchandise need not be delivered to a bonded carrier for transportation, and an entry for transportation and a rewarehouse entry will not be required.
(g) Procedure at destination. Upon arrival at destination, the merchandise may be:
(1) Entered for rewarehouse in accordance with § 144.41;
(2) Entered for combined rewarehouse and withdrawal for consumption in accordance with § 144.42;
(3) Exported in accordance with paragraph (h) of this section;
(4) Forwarded to another port or returned to the origination port in accordance with §§ 18.5(c) or 18.9 of this chapter;
(5) Admitted to a foreign trade zone in zone-restricted status as provided in part 146 of this chapter; or
(6) Deposited into the proprietor's bonded warehouse or duty free store warehouse without rewarehouse entry as required in § 144.41, if the merchandise qualifies for the exemption specified in § 144.34(c).
(h) Exportation. A consignee of merchandise withdrawn for transportation who desires to export the merchandise upon arrival at destination shall so advise the port director at destination in writing. The port director shall then permit the exportation of the merchandise under Customs supervision in the same manner as a withdrawal for indirect exportation under § 144.37.
§ 144.37Withdrawal for exportation
(a) Form. A withdrawal for either direct or indirect exportation must be filed by submitting an in-bond application pursuant to part 18 of this chapter or on CBP Form 7501 in 3 copies for merchandise being exported under cover of a TIR carnet. The in-bond application or CBP Form 7501 must contain all of the statistical information as provided in § 141.61(e) of this chapter. The port director may require an extra copy or copies of CBP Form 7501 for use in connection with the delivery of merchandise to the carrier.
(b) Procedure for indirect exportation—(1) Forwarding. Merchandise withdrawn for indirect exportation (transportation and exportation) must be forwarded to the port of exportation in accordance with the general provisions for transportation in bond (part 18 of this chapter).
(2) Dividing of shipments. The dividing up for exportation of shipments arriving under warehouse withdrawals for indirect exportation will be permitted only when various portions of a shipment are destined to different destinations, when the export vessel cannot properly accommodate the entire quantity, or in other similar circumstances. In the case of merchandise moving under cover of a TIR carnet, if the merchandise is not to be exported or if the shipment is to be divided, appropriate entry will be required and the carnet discharged. The provisions of §§ 18.23 and 18.24 of this chapter concerning change of destination or retention of merchandise on the dock must also be followed in applicable cases.
(c) Exportation by mail. Merchandise may be withdrawn from warehouse for exportation by mail in accordance with the provisions of subpart F of part 145 of this chapter.
(d) Marks on packages. The exportation must be made under the original marks of importation. Port marks may be added by authority of the port director under CBP supervision. The original and port marks must appear in all CBP papers pertaining to the exportation.
(e) Weight, gauge, or measure. Merchandise in bulk and packaged articles which are customarily bought and sold by weight, gauge, or measure may be withdrawn for exportation or transportation only at the actual quantities ascertained at the time of the original entry for warehouse, except as otherwise provided for by law. In any case, the port director may require a special report of weight, gauge, or measure of the merchandise being exported if he deems it necessary.
(f) Merchandise not laden. Merchandise withdrawn for exportation but not laden must be sent to general order unless other disposition is prescribed by the port director.
(g) Exportation at a foreign trade zone. Merchandise may be withdrawn for exportation at a foreign trade zone in the same or at a different port. The merchandise will be considered exported upon admission to a zone in zone-restricted status, as provided in § 146.44(c) of this chapter.
(h) Class 9 warehouse withdrawals for exportation—(1) Applicability of sales ticket procedure. Merchandise in a Class 9 warehouse (duty-free store) may be withdrawn for any of the purposes set forth in this subpart. However, only conditionally duty-free merchandise in a Class 9 warehouse intended for exportation or for delivery to persons and organizations set forth in subpart I, part 148, of this chapter, will be eligible for withdrawal under the sales ticket procedure specified in this paragraph.
(2) Sales ticket content and handling. Sales ticket withdrawals must be made only under a blanket permit to withdrawal (see § 19.6(d) of this chapter) and the sales ticket will serve as the equivalent of the supplementary withdrawal. A sales ticket is an invoice of the proprietor's design which will include:
(i) Serial number and date of preparation of each ticket;
(ii) Warehouse entry number or specific identifier, if approved by the port director;
(iii) Quantity of goods sold;
(iv) Brief description of the articles including the size of bottles;
(v) The full name and address of the purchaser. However, the port director may waive the address requirement for all merchandise except for alcoholic beverages in quantities in excess of 4 liters and cigarettes in quantities in excess of 3 cartons. Also, the address requirement is not applicable with respect to purchasers at airport duty-free enterprises; and
(vi) A statement on the original copy (purchaser's copy) to the effect that goods purchased in a duty-free store will be subject to duty and/or tax with personal exemption if returned to the United States. At the time of purchase, the original sales ticket must be made out in the name of the purchaser and given to the purchaser. One copy of the sales ticket must be retained by the proprietor. This copy may be maintained electronically. A permit file copy will be attached to the parcel containing the purchased articles unless the proprietor has established and maintained an effective method to match the parcel containing the purchased articles with the purchaser. Additional copies may be retained by the proprietor.
(3) Sales ticket register. In addition to the records required in § 19.12(a) of this chapter, Class 9 warehouse proprietors must maintain a sales ticket register or similar accounting record for each warehouse entry. The sales ticket register of the proprietor must include the following information:
(i) Warehouse entry number;
(ii) Specific identifier, if applicable;
(iii) Sales ticket date and number;
(iv) Description;
(v) Quantity; and
(vi) Current balance.
As each warehouse entry is closed out, the warehouse proprietor must verify the sales ticket register total with the amount withdrawn so as to account for all merchandise so withdrawn and certify on the register that all the goods have been exported or sold to qualifying persons and organizations under part 148 of this chapter. The sales ticket register must be included in the permit file folder with or in lieu of the blanket permit summary, as provided in § 19.6(d)(5) of this chapter. A copy of all sales tickets must be retained by the proprietor for not less than 5 years after the date of the last sales ticket in the entry. In lieu of placing a copy of sales tickets in each permit file folder, the warehouse proprietor may keep all sales tickets in a readily retrievable manner in a separate file.
Editorial Note:
§ 144.38Withdrawal for consumption
(a) Form. Withdrawals for consumption of merchandise in bonded warehouses shall be filed on Customs Form 7501, or its electronic equivalent, in triplicate, and shall contain all of the statistical information as provided in § 141.61(e) of this chapter.
(b) Withdrawal for exportation to Canada or Mexico. A withdrawal for exportation to Canada or Mexico or for entry into a duty-deferral program in Canada or Mexico is considered a withdrawal for consumption pursuant to § 181.53 or 182.53 of this chapter.
(c) Information to be shown on withdrawal. Each withdrawal shall show all information for which spaces are provided on the withdrawal form, and shall also show the separate value of each package and the total dutiable value of the merchandise being withdrawn. In the case of merchandise in packages which are uniform in kind, quantity, value, and duty, the number of each package to be withdrawn need not be shown on the withdrawal if the lowest and highest numbers in the number series of such packages are shown. In the case of merchandise subject to quota, or textiles and textile products subject to levels of restraint, the description shall reflect any correction thereof reported after the filing of the warehouse entry. Additionally, on each withdrawal of cigars, cigarettes, or cigarette papers or tubes subject to internal revenue tax, the statement for tax purposes required by § 275.81 of the regulations of the Internal Revenue Service (26 CFR § 275.81) shall be made on the withdrawal form.
(d) Deposit of estimated duties. Estimated duties on the merchandise being withdrawn shall be deposited in accordance with subpart G of part 141 of this chapter. The Center director may increase or decrease the amount of estimated duties to be deposited on the final withdrawal to bring the aggregate amount of duties deposited into balance with the amount which he estimates will be finally due upon liquidation.
(e) Permit for release of merchandise. When the duties and other charges have been paid, and all other requirements of law and regulations have been met, a permit on Customs Form 7501, or its electronic equivalent, shall be issued and delivered to the person making the warehouse withdrawal.
(f) Textiles and textile products. Textiles and textile products subject to quota, visa or export license requirements in their condition at the time of importation may not be withdrawn from warehouse for consumption if during the warehouse period there has been a change by manipulation or other means:
(1) In the country of origin of the merchandise as defined by § 102.21 or § 102.22 of this chapter, as applicable,
(2) To exempt from quota or visa or export license requirements other than a change brought about by statute, treaty, executive order or Presidential proclamation, or
(3) From one textile category to another textile category.
Editorial Note:
§ 144.39Permit to transfer and withdraw merchandise
With the exception of merchandise transferred under the procedures of § 144.34(c), if all legal and regulatory requirements are met, the appropriate Customs officer shall approve the application to transfer or withdraw merchandise from a bonded warehouse by endorsing the permit copy and returning it to the applicant. The approved permit shall be presented by the withdrawer to the warehouse proprietor as evidence of Customs authorization of the transfer or withdrawal. The approved permit copy shall thereafter be retained in the warehouse entry file of the proprietor. Goods covered by permit may be retained in the bonded warehouse at the option of the proprietor.
§ 144.41Entry for rewarehouse
(a) Applicability. When merchandise which has been withdrawn from warehouse for transportation to another port has arrived at the port of destination, it may be entered for rewarehouse by the consignee named in the withdrawal.
(b) Form of entry. An entry for rewarehouse shall be made in duplicate on Customs Form 7501, or its electronic equivalent, and shall contain all of the statistical information as provided in § 141.61(e) of this chapter. The port director may require an extra copy or copies of Customs Form 7501, or its electronic equivalent, annotated “PERMIT,” for use in connection with the delivery of the merchandise to the warehouse. No declaration is required on the entry.
(c) Combining separate shipments. (1) Separate shipments consigned to the same consignee and received under separate withdrawals for transportation may be combined into one rewarehouse entry if the warehouse withdrawals are from the same original warehouse entry.
(2) Shipments covered by multiple warehouse entries, and shipped from a single warehouse under separate withdrawals for transportation, via a single conveyance, may be combined into one rewarehouse entry if consigned to the same consignee and deposited into a single warehouse. With the exception of alcohol and tobacco products, this procedure shall not be allowed for merchandise which is in any way restricted (for example, quota/visa). The combined rewarehouse entry shall have attached either copies of each warehouse entry package which is being combined into the single rewarehouse entry or a summary with pertinent information, that is, the date of importation, commodity description, size, HTSUS and entry numbers, for all entries withdrawn for consolidation as one rewarehouse entry. Any combining of separate withdrawals into one rewarehouse entry shall result in the rewarehouse entry being assigned the import date of the oldest entry being combined into the rewarehouse entry.
(3) Combining of separate shipments shall be prohibited in all other circumstances.
(d) Bond. A bond on Customs Form 301, containing the bond conditions set forth in § 113.62 of this chapter shall be filed before a permit is issued on Customs Form 7501 for sending the merchandise to the bonded warehouse. However, no bond shall be required if the merchandise is entered by the consignee named in the original bond filed at the original port of entry, or if it is entered by a transferee who has established his right to withdraw the merchandise and has filed a bond in accordance with subpart C of this part.
(e) Value and classification. The duties determined at the port where the original warehouse entry was filed shall be the duties chargeable under the rewarehouse entry, except in the cases provided for in §§ 159.7 (a) and (b) of this chapter, which pertain to certain classes of merchandise excluded from the liquidation of the original warehouse entry and merchandise on which rates of duty or tax are changed by an act of Congress or by a proclamation by the President.
(f) Examination. Any examination necessary for identification of the merchandise, determination of shortages, or other purposes shall be made.
(g) Failure to enter. If the rewarehouse entry is not filed within 15 calendar days after its arrival, the merchandise shall be disposed of in accordance with the applicable procedures in § 4.37 or § 122.50 or § 123.10 of this chapter. However, merchandise sent to a general order warehouse shall not be sold or otherwise disposed of as unclaimed until the expiration of the original 5-year period during which the merchandise may remain in warehouse under bond.
(h) Protest. A protest may be filed with CBP, either at the port of entry or electronically, against a liquidation made under § 159.7(a) or (b) of this chapter, or against a refusal to liquidate pursuant to said sections. In all other cases, any protest shall be filed against the original warehouse entry.
§ 144.42Combined entry for rewarehouse and withdrawal for consumption
(a) Applicability. If the consignee of merchandise withdrawn for transportation wishes to pay duty and obtain possession of the merchandise immediately upon arrival at destination, he may make a combined entry for rewarehouse and withdrawal for consumption.
(b) Procedure for entry. The procedures set forth in § 144.41 are applicable to this type of entry, with the following exceptions:
(1) Form of entry. A combined entry for rewarehouse and withdrawal for consumption shall be made on Customs Form 7501, or its electronic equivalent, (Consumption Entry), in 4 copies, and shall contain all of the statistical information as provided in § 141.61(e) of this chapter, one copy to be used as the permit. No declaration is required on the entry;
(2) Extra copy for Internal Revenue. An additional copy of Customs Form 7501, or its electronic equivalent marked or stamped “For Internal Revenue Purposes,” shall be presented for each entry of cigars, cigarettes, or cigarette papers or tubes, when the release from Customs custody of those articles is subject to part 275 of the regulations of the Internal Revenue Service (26 CFR part 275) and tax is payable to Customs; and
(3) Deposit of duties. Estimated Customs duties, taxes, and other charges, as set forth in subpart G of part 141 of this chapter, shall be deposited upon presentation of the combined entry. The port director shall then issue a permit for release on Customs Form 7501, or its electronic equivalent.
Exam questions from Part 144
April 2022, Q8. How long can merchandise be stored in a class 2 bonded warehouse?
- A6 months from “Date of Importation”
- B1 year from the “Entry Date” into the bonded warehouse
- C2 years from the “Entry Date” into the bonded warehouse
- D5 years from “Date of Importation”
- E5 years from the “Entry Date” into the bonded warehouse
Show the answer and explanation
The correct answer is D because 19 CFR 144.5 explicitly states merchandise may be stored in a class 2 bonded warehouse for up to 5 years from the "date of importation," unless extended by the Center director. Options A, B, C, and E are incorrect because they reference the "entry date" into the warehouse or shorter periods, which are not supported by the regulation. The authority text does not mention the "entry date" as a relevant timeframe, only the "date of importation," making D the only valid choice.
April 2023, Q4. Which of the following statements is TRUE? As indicated on the invoice, 10,000 kilograms of the cheddar cheese needs to be aged for six years. Cheese needs to remain in the same climate for the entirety of its aging process and the warehouse building has separate areas for bonded, foreign trade zone, and domestic merchandise.
- ABefore the expiration of the fifth year from the date of importation, the broker can file a request for extension with the Center director showing good cause as to why the merchandise needs to remain in the warehouse for an additional year.
- BBefore the expiration of the fifth year from the date of importation, the broker can file a warehouse withdrawal entry, pay any duties, taxes, and fees if there is insufficient quota remaining, and enter the cheese as privileged foreign merchandise to the foreign trade zone area of the warehouse for the sixth year of aging.
- CBefore the expiration of the fifth year from the date of importation, the broker can file a warehouse withdrawal entry, pay any duties, taxes, and fees if there is insufficient quota remaining, and leave the cheese in bonded area of the warehouse for the sixth year of aging.
- DBefore the expiration of the fifth year from the date of importation, the broker can file a CBP Form 7512 Transportation Entry to move the cheese from the bonded merchandise area of the warehouse to the domestic merchandise area of the warehouse for the sixth year of aging.
- EBefore the expiration of the fifth year from the date of importation, the broker can file a rewarehouse entry to allow the ch eese to remain in the bonded merchandise area for the sixth year under a new entry number.
Show the answer and explanation
The correct answer is A because 19 CFR 144.5 explicitly permits the Center director to extend the storage period in a bonded warehouse beyond five years if the broker files a request with good cause before the fifth year expires. Options B, C, and D are invalid because they involve improper procedures for moving or reclassifying merchandise in bonded warehouses, which are not permitted under the cited regulations. Option E is incorrect because rewarehouse entries do not extend the five-year bonded storage period; they merely transfer goods between warehouses.
October 2019, Q15. The filing of an entry or entry summary for warehouse must be made by the importer of record (i.e., owner, purchaser, licensed customs broker). According to 19 CFR 144.31, only the importer of record would then have the right to withdraw merchandise from the warehouse unless ____.
- AAn actual owner’s declaration is filed
- BA superseding bond is filed
- CThe right to withdraw the goods has been transferred
- DNone of the above
- EAll of the above
Show the answer and explanation
The correct answer is E) All of the above because 19 CFR 144.31 explicitly allows withdrawals by the importer of record, the actual owner (if an actual owner’s declaration and superseding bond are filed), or the transferee (if the right to withdraw has been transferred). Each option (A, B, C) corresponds to a valid exception in the regulation. Option D is incorrect because A, B, and C are all valid, and E is correct as it encompasses all three. Directive 3530-002A reinforces these conditions for bonded warehouse withdrawals.
October 2019, Q17. If merchandise has been entered under other than a warehouse entry, a warehouse entry may be substituted for the previous entry if _________.
- AA warehouse entry may not be substituted
- BIt has remained in continuous customs custody
- CThe duty has not been paid
- DThe merchandise is perishable
- ENone of the above
Show the answer and explanation
The correct answer is B because 19 CFR 144.1(c) explicitly states that a warehouse entry may substitute for a previous non-warehouse entry only if the merchandise has remained in continuous Customs custody. This condition ensures the merchandise has not been released or altered, maintaining the integrity of the entry process. Option A is incorrect because substitution is permitted under the specified condition. Option C is irrelevant as duty payment is not a factor in substitution. Option D is incorrect because perishable merchandise is explicitly excluded from warehouse entry under 19 CFR 144.1(a). Option E is invalid since B is correct.
October 2023, Q9. From which date is the five (5) years calculated for the total period of time for which merchandise entered for warehouse may remain in a bonded warehouse?
- ADate of entry
- BDate of entry summary
- CDate of import
- DDate of export
Show the answer and explanation
The correct answer is C because 19 CFR 144.5 explicitly states that the five-year period begins on the "date of importation," which is the date the merchandise is admitted into the U.S. under customs control. Options A (date of entry) and B (date of entry summary) are stages in the customs process but are not referenced in the regulation as the starting point for the five-year period. Option D (date of export) is irrelevant because the period is measured from importation, not export. The authority directly ties the calculation to importation, making C the only valid choice.
October 2024, Q20. On August 16, 2024, NBB filed a warehouse entry for Echo’s paper instead of a consumption entry. This merchandise was manufactured in Canada. On September 19, 2024, Echo advised NBB that it needed to withdraw one-third of the paper and return it to Canada. At no time would a carnet be involved in this process. What document, from the list below, would be used for the warehouse withdrawal of the merchandise being reexported to Canada?
- AEntry Type 22 on CBP Form 7501
- BEntry Type 31 on CBP Form 7501
- CEntry Type 34 on CBP Form 7501
- DEntry for Transportation and Exportation
Show the answer and explanation
The correct answer is D because 19 CFR 144.37(a) specifies that a withdrawal for exportation must be filed using an in-bond application or CBP Form 7501, but only if the merchandise is exported under a TIR carnet. Since the question explicitly states a carnet is not involved, the appropriate document is the Entry for Transportation and Exportation, which directly addresses reexportation without requiring a carnet. Options A, B, and C refer to entry types for warehouse entries or other purposes, which are irrelevant to the reexport process. The sales ticket mentioned in 19 CFR 144.37(b) is a supporting document for indirect exportation but not the primary entry form.
October 2024, Q41. When withdrawing merchandise from a bonded warehouse for transportation to another port of entry, which ONE of the following choices is NOT required on the in-bond application?
- AThe original entry number, date of entry, date of entry summary, and port at which filed.
- BThe quantity remaining in the warehouse after the withdrawal.
- CVisa, permit, or license information issued by the U.S. Government, foreign government or other issuing authority, relating to the merchandise.
- DThe entered value of the merchandise.
Show the answer and explanation
The correct answer is C because 19 CFR 144.36(d) explicitly lists the required information for an in-bond application, including the original entry details (A), entered value (D), and quantity (B via 19 CFR 144.32). Visa, permit, or license information (C) is not mentioned in the cited text, so it is not required. The other options are mandated by the regulations, while C is omitted, making it the correct choice.
October 2024, Q42. Which of the following answer choices meets the minimum quantity requirements for merchandise that may be withdrawn from a bonded warehouse without special authorization from the Commissioner of Customs?
- ABulk merchandise that weighs 3 tons, of a total of 6 tons.
- BA half of a bale that weighs 500 lbs.
- COne fourth of a cask out of ten casks that each weigh one-half ton.
- DOne and three-quarters boxes out of twenty boxes that each weigh 1000 lbs.
Show the answer and explanation
The correct answer is A because the regulation (19 CFR 144.33) permits withdrawal of bulk merchandise in quantities not less than 1 ton. Here, 3 tons exceeds the 1-ton minimum, satisfying the requirement. The other options involve partial packages (e.g., half a bale, one-fourth of a cask, or partial boxes), which are explicitly prohibited unless the entire package is withdrawn. The regulation does not allow partial withdrawals of packaged goods without special authorization, making B, C, and D invalid.
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